Meng Cao，Yan Li，Qiujie J Wu，Pan Zhang，Wentao T Li，Zhengyu Y Mao，Dongmei M Wu，Xuemei M Jiang，Yong Zhuo，Zhengfeng F Fang，Lianqiang Q Che，Shengyu Y Xu，Bin Feng，Jian Li，Yan Lin，and De Wu

翻譯：劉素利     校對(duì)：上海亙泰實(shí)業(yè)集團(tuán)

本研究旨在探討妊娠后期和哺乳期飼料中添加丁酸梭菌對(duì)母豬繁殖性能和腸道菌群的影響。選用180頭妊娠90d母豬（健康，長白×約克）為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象，隨機(jī)分配到4個(gè)試驗(yàn)組中，每組45個(gè)重復(fù)；4個(gè)試驗(yàn)組日糧分別為： ①基礎(chǔ)商業(yè)日糧（對(duì)照組，0%丁酸梭菌）， ②日糧添加0.1%丁酸梭菌（1×108 CFU/kg）， ③日糧添加0.2%丁酸梭菌（2×108 CFU/kg）， ④日糧添加0.4%丁酸梭菌（4×108 CFU/kg）。本試驗(yàn)從母豬妊娠90d開始至哺乳期21d斷奶結(jié)束。

試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明，隨著丁酸梭菌添加量的增加，產(chǎn)仔間隔呈線性關(guān)系減小（P < 0.05），分娩時(shí)間顯著縮短（呈二次方程式關(guān)系，P < 0.05），斷奶時(shí)仔豬窩重和窩增重呈線性關(guān)系升高（P < 0.05）；初乳中IgG、IgM和乳汁中IgM水平隨丁酸梭菌的添加量的增加而呈線性升高（P < 0.05），而母豬分娩、哺乳14 d和仔豬14、21 d時(shí)，血清中丙二醛濃度分別呈線性下降（P < 0.05），母豬分娩、哺乳14 d和21 d，以及仔豬14 d和21 d時(shí)，其血清總抗氧化能力水平呈線性關(guān)系增加（P < 0.05）； 哺乳21 d時(shí)，母豬血清內(nèi)毒素濃度呈線性降低（P < 0.05）。仔豬14 d、21 d時(shí)，其血清皮質(zhì)醇濃度均呈二次方程式關(guān)系顯著下降（P < 0.05）。

0.2%丁酸梭菌日糧組，在門的水平，顯著增加了擬桿菌門的相對(duì)豐度（P = 0.016）；在屬的水平上，普雷沃氏菌-NK3B31、普雷沃菌屬-1、普雷沃氏菌-UCG-003和普雷沃菌屬-9、擬普雷沃菌屬的相對(duì)豐度顯著升高（P < 0.05）；減少了變形菌門、芽單胞菌門和放線菌門的相對(duì)豐度（P < 0.001），在屬的水平上，梭狀芽胞桿菌-1、鏈球菌、埃希氏桿菌屬-志賀氏菌和鞘氨醇單胞菌、琥珀酸弧菌屬顯著減少（P < 0.05），同時(shí)降低了厚壁菌門/擬桿菌門比值（P = 0.020）。

綜上所述，本研究表明，飼糧中添加丁酸梭菌可以縮短母豬產(chǎn)程，提高哺乳仔豬的生長性能。此外，日糧中添加0.2%的丁酸梭菌對(duì)母豬腸道菌群的組成有一定的影響，尤其是增加了普雷沃菌屬的相對(duì)豐度。

Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum addition to sows in late gestation and lactation on reproductive performance and intestinal microbiota

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum addition to diets in late gestation and lactation on the reproductive performance and gut microbiota for sows. A total of 180 healthy Landrace × Yorkshire sows at 90 d of gestation were randomly assigned to one of four groups, with 45 replicates per group, receiving a basal commercial diet (Control, 0% C. butyricum) or diet added with 0.1% C. butyricum (1 × 108 CFU/kg of feed), 0.2% C. butyricum (2 × 108 CFU/kg of feed), 0.4% C. butyricum (4 × 108 CFU/kg of feed), respectively. The experiment was conducted from 90 d of gestation to weaning at 21 d of lactation. The results showed that the interval between piglet born was linearly (P < 0.05) decreased, and the duration of farrowing was significantly (quadratic, P < 0.05) shortened as C. butyricum addition increased. There was a linear (P < 0.05) increase in litter weight at weaning and litter weight gain. The concentrations of IgG and IgM in colostrum, and IgM in milk were linearly increased (P < 0.05) as C. butyricum addition. Serum MDA concentrations of sows at parturition and 14 d in lactation, and piglets at 14 and 21 d of age were linearly (P < 0.05) decreased, respectively. The serum total antioxidant capacity concentrations of sows at parturition and 14 and 21 d in lactation, and piglets at 14 and 21 d of age were linearly (P < 0.05) increased as C. butyricum addition, respectively. There was a linear decrease in the serum endotoxin concentration of sows on 21 d in lactation (P < 0.05). The serum cortisol concentrations of piglets at 14 and 21 d of age were both significantly (quadratic, P < 0.05) decreased. The 0.2% C. butyricum increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (P = 0.016) at phylum level, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Prevotella_1, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Prevotella_9, Alloprevotella (P < 0.05) at genus level, and decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria (P < 0.001) at phylum level, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Streptococcus, Escheruchia-Shigella, Sphingomonas, Succinivibrio (P < 0.05) at genus level and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P = 0.020). In conclusion, the present research indicated that dietary addition with C. butyricum could shorten the duration of farrowing and enhance the growth performance of suckling piglets. Moreover, 0.2% C. butyricum administration to sows changed the composition of intestinal microbiota, especially increased the relative abundance of Prevotella.（轉(zhuǎn)自：豬營養(yǎng)國際論壇）